EU: Cow Peas Market 2023

Cow Peas Market Size in the EU

The EU cow peas market contracted notably to $X in 2021, waning by -40% against the previous year. Overall, consumption continues to indicate a perceptible downturn. As a result, consumption attained the peak level of $X. From 2015 to 2021, the growth of the market failed to regain momentum.

Cow Peas Production in the EU

In value terms, cow peas production dropped slightly to $X in 2021 estimated in export price. Overall, production, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2019 when the production volume increased by 13%. Over the period under review, production attained the peak level at $X in 2013; however, from 2014 to 2021, production stood at a somewhat lower figure.

Latvia (X tons) remains the largest cow peas producing country in the European Union, comprising approx. 57% of total volume. Moreover, cow peas production in Latvia exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, Croatia (X tons), threefold. Poland (X tons) ranked third in terms of total production with a 12% share.

From 2012 to 2021, the average annual rate of growth in terms of volume in Latvia was relatively modest. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: Croatia (+7.8% per year) and Poland (-0.1% per year).

In 2021, the average yield of cow peas (dry) in the European Union amounted to X tons per ha, picking up by 8% on the previous year's figure. Overall, the yield, however, recorded a pronounced decrease. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2017 when the yield increased by 63% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the cow peas yield reached the maximum level at X tons per ha in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2021, the yield stood at a somewhat lower figure. Despite the increased use of modern agricultural techniques and methods, future yield figures may still be impacted by adverse weather conditions.

In 2021, approx. X ha of cow peas (dry) were harvested in the European Union; waning by -4.6% on the year before. The total harvested area indicated a moderate increase from 2012 to 2021: its figure increased at an average annual rate of +3.5% over the last nine years. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2021 figures, cow peas harvested area decreased by -18.4% against 2016 indices. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2016 with an increase of 91%. As a result, the harvested area reached the peak level of X ha. From 2017 to 2021, the growth of the cow peas harvested area remained at a somewhat lower figure.

Cow Peas Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2021, exports of cow peas (dry) in the European Union soared to X tons, growing by 124% compared with 2020. In general, exports showed a buoyant expansion. As a result, the exports attained the peak and are likely to continue growth in the immediate term.

In value terms, cow peas exports surged to $X in 2021. Over the period under review, exports recorded a pronounced expansion. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2020 with an increase of 36% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the exports attained the maximum in 2021 and are likely to continue growth in the near future.

Exports by Country

Latvia was the key exporter of cow peas (dry) in the European Union, with the volume of exports accounting for X tons, which was near 47% of total exports in 2021. It was distantly followed by Belgium (X tons), Poland (X tons) and Spain (X tons), together comprising a 33% share of total exports. Estonia (X tons), the Netherlands (X tons) and Germany (X tons) held a relatively small share of total exports.

Exports from Latvia increased at an average annual rate of +69.2% from 2012 to 2021. At the same time, Estonia (+127.0%), Poland (+27.9%), Belgium (+12.7%) and Spain (+5.4%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Estonia emerged as the fastest-growing exporter exported in the European Union, with a CAGR of +127.0% from 2012-2021. By contrast, the Netherlands (-2.5%) and Germany (-3.1%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. Latvia (+46 p.p.), Poland (+6 p.p.), Belgium (+4.2 p.p.) and Estonia (+3.9 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the total exports, while Spain, Germany and the Netherlands saw its share reduced by -2.3%, -5.3% and -6.4% from 2012 to 2021, respectively.

In value terms, the largest cow peas supplying countries in the European Union were Belgium ($X), Latvia ($X) and the Netherlands ($X), with a combined 53% share of total exports. These countries were followed by Poland, Spain, Germany and Estonia, which together accounted for a further 28%.

Among the main exporting countries, Estonia, with a CAGR of +100.9%, saw the highest growth rate of the value of exports, over the period under review, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Export Prices by Country

In 2021, the export price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, falling by -42.2% against the previous year. Over the period under review, the export price saw a perceptible setback. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2013 when the export price increased by 37% against the previous year. As a result, the export price reached the peak level of $X per ton. From 2014 to 2021, the export prices remained at a lower figure.

Prices varied noticeably country of origin: the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per ton), while Latvia ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2021, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands (+4.7%), while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Cow Peas Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2021, cow peas imports in the European Union declined to X tons, which is down by -8.6% on the previous year's figure. The total import volume increased at an average annual rate of +4.0% over the period from 2012 to 2021; however, the trend pattern indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2020 with an increase of 37% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of X tons, and then dropped in the following year.

In value terms, cow peas imports amounted to $X in 2021. Total imports indicated notable growth from 2012 to 2021: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.3% over the last nine years. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2021 figures, imports increased by +36.1% against 2016 indices. The pace of growth was the most pronounced in 2014 when imports increased by 44% against the previous year. As a result, imports reached the peak of $X. From 2015 to 2021, the growth of imports remained at a lower figure.

Imports by Country

France (X tons), Italy (X tons) and Belgium (X tons) represented roughly 49% of total imports in 2021. Spain (X tons) held a 10% share (based on physical terms) of total imports, which put it in second place, followed by Germany (8.1%), Hungary (6.4%), the Netherlands (6.2%) and Greece (5.3%).

From 2012 to 2021, the biggest increases were in Hungary (with a CAGR of +15.1%), while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, France ($X), Belgium ($X) and Italy ($X) were the countries with the highest levels of imports in 2021, with a combined 44% share of total imports. Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, Hungary and Greece lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 41%.

In terms of the main importing countries, Hungary, with a CAGR of +10.1%, recorded the highest growth rate of the value of imports, over the period under review, while purchases for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Import Prices by Country

In 2021, the import price in the European Union amounted to $X per ton, with an increase of 10% against the previous year. Overall, the import price, however, saw a relatively flat trend pattern. The level of import peaked at $X per ton in 2014; however, from 2015 to 2021, import prices failed to regain momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2021, the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per ton), while Italy ($X per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2012 to 2021, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands (+1.4%), while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox Market Intelligence Platform

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