EU: Hydrogen Market Overview 2020

Hydrogen Market Size in the EU

The EU hydrogen market expanded sharply to $X in 2019, surging by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, consumption continues to indicate a relatively flat trend pattern. The pace of growth appeared the most rapid in 2008 when the market value increased by X% y-o-y. The level of consumption peaked at $X in 2011; however, from 2012 to 2019, consumption failed to regain the momentum.

Hydrogen Production in the EU

In value terms, hydrogen production rose rapidly to $X in 2019 estimated in export prices. The total production indicated tangible growth from 2007 to 2019: its value increased at an average annual rate of +X% over the last twelve-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2019 figures, production decreased by -X% against 2017 indices. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2016 with an increase of X% against the previous year. The level of production peaked at $X in 2009; however, from 2010 to 2019, production failed to regain the momentum.

Production By Country in the EU

The countries with the highest volumes of hydrogen production in 2019 were Germany (X cubic meters), the Netherlands (X cubic meters) and Spain (X cubic meters), with a combined X% share of total production. France, Finland, Hungary and Italy lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further X 2007 to 2019, the most notable rate of growth in terms of hydrogen production, amongst the main producing countries, was attained by Finland, while hydrogen production for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Hydrogen Exports

Exports in the EU

In 2019, overseas shipments of hydrogen decreased by -X% to X cubic meters for the first time since 2016, thus ending a two-year rising trend. Over the period under review, exports recorded a deep downturn. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2010 when exports increased by X% against the previous year. Over the period under review, exports reached the maximum at X cubic meters in 2012; however, from 2013 to 2019, exports failed to regain the momentum.

In value terms, hydrogen exports dropped slightly to $X in 2019. In general, exports recorded a slight curtailment. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2008 with an increase of X% against the previous year. As a result, exports reached the peak of $X. From 2009 to 2019, the growth exports remained at a lower figure.

Exports by Country

The Netherlands (X cubic meters) and Belgium (X cubic meters) represented roughly X% of total exports of hydrogen in 2019. Germany (X cubic meters) ranks next in terms of the total exports with a X% share, followed by France (X%). Slovakia (X cubic meters), Hungary (X cubic meters) and the Czech Republic (X cubic meters) followed a long way behind the leaders.

From 2007 to 2019, the biggest increases were in Slovakia, while shipments for the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

In value terms, the Netherlands ($X) remains the largest hydrogen supplier in the European Union, comprising X% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Belgium ($X), with a X% share of total exports. It was followed by Germany, with a X% share.

From 2007 to 2019, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in the Netherlands was relatively modest. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Belgium (-X% per year) and Germany (+X% per year).

Export Prices by Country

In 2019, the hydrogen export price in the European Union amounted to $X per cubic meter, picking up by X% against the previous year. In general, the export price posted a strong increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2009 when the export price increased by X% against the previous year. As a result, export price attained the peak level of $X per cubic meter. From 2010 to 2019, the growth in terms of the export prices remained at a somewhat lower figure.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major exporting countries. In 2019, the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per cubic meter), while the Czech Republic ($X per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2019, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands, while the other leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

Hydrogen Imports

Imports in the EU

In 2019, the amount of hydrogen imported in the European Union surged to X cubic meters, with an increase of X% against 2018. Overall, imports continue to indicate a noticeable increase. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2010 with an increase of X% year-to-year. The volume of import peaked in 2019 and is likely to see gradual growth in the near future.

In value terms, hydrogen imports soared to $X in 2019. In general, imports showed a mild setback. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2008 when imports increased by X% y-o-y. As a result, imports reached the peak of $X. From 2009 to 2019, the growth imports remained at a lower figure.

Imports by Country

Belgium prevails in hydrogen imports structure, recording X cubic meters, which was near X% of total imports in 2019. It was distantly followed by France (X cubic meters), generating a X% share of total imports. The following importers - Luxembourg (X cubic meters), Germany (X cubic meters), the Netherlands (X cubic meters), Austria (X cubic meters) and the UK (X cubic meters) - together made up X% of total imports.

Belgium was also the fastest-growing in terms of the hydrogen imports, with a CAGR of +X% from 2007 to 2019. At the same time, Luxembourg (+X%), Austria (+X%), Germany (+X%) and the UK (+X%) displayed positive paces of growth. By contrast, France (-X%) and the Netherlands (-X%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. From 2007 to 2019, the share of Belgium and Luxembourg increased by +X% and +X% percentage points, while France (-X p.p.) and the Netherlands (-X p.p.) saw their share reduced. The shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, Belgium ($X) constitutes the largest market for imported hydrogen in the European Union, comprising X% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by France ($X), with a X% share of total imports. It was followed by Germany, with a X% share.

From 2007 to 2019, the average annual growth rate of value in Belgium totaled +X%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: France (-X% per year) and Germany (+X% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2019, the hydrogen import price in the European Union amounted to $X per cubic meter, approximately mirroring the previous year. In general, the import price continues to indicate a noticeable descent. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2008 when the import price increased by X% y-o-y. The level of import peaked at $X per cubic meter in 2009; however, from 2010 to 2019, import prices failed to regain the momentum.

There were significant differences in the average prices amongst the major importing countries. In 2019, the country with the highest price was the Netherlands ($X per cubic meter), while Belgium ($X per cubic meter) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2019, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by the Netherlands, while the other leaders experienced mixed trends in the import price figures.

Source: IndexBox AI Platform

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) :

What are the largest markets for hydrogen in the the EU?

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The countries with the highest volumes of hydrogen consumption in 2019 were Germany (2.4B cubic meters), the Netherlands (2B cubic meters) and Spain (1.3B cubic meters), together accounting for 67% of total consumption. These countries were followed by France, Finland, Hungary and Italy, which together accounted for a further 26%.

What are the largest producers of hydrogen in the the EU?

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The countries with the highest volumes of hydrogen production in 2019 were Germany (2.4B cubic meters), the Netherlands (2B cubic meters) and Spain (1.3B cubic meters), together accounting for 69% of total production. France, Finland, Hungary and Italy lagged somewhat behind, together comprising a further 26%.

What are the leading suppliers of hydrogen in the the EU?

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In value terms, the Netherlands ($67M) remains the largest hydrogen supplier in the European Union, comprising 69% of total exports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Belgium ($13M), with a 14% share of total exports. It was followed by Germany, with a 7.1% share.

What are the leading importers of hydrogen in the the EU?

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In value terms, Belgium ($61M) constitutes the largest market for imported hydrogen in the European Union, comprising 63% of total imports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by France ($8.5M), with a 8.8% share of total imports. It was followed by Germany, with a 6.5% share.

What is the average export price for hydrogen in the the EU?

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The hydrogen export price in the European Union stood at $1.2 per cubic meter in 2019, increasing by 38% against the previous year.

What is the average import price for hydrogen in the the EU?

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In 2019, the hydrogen import price in the European Union amounted to $0.3 per cubic meter, remaining constant against the previous year.