The Global Spice Market Lacks to Regain its Former Momentum

IndexBox has just published a new report: 'World - Spices - Market Analysis, Forecast, Size, Trends and Insights'. Here is a summary of the report's key findings.

The global spice market amounted to $33.1B in 2019, leveling off at the previous year. This figure reflects the total revenues of producers and importers (excluding logistics costs, retail marketing costs, and retailers' margins, which will be included in the final consumer price). Over the period under review, the total market indicated a buoyant expansion from 2007 to 2019: its value increased at an average annual rate of +3.7% over the last twelve years. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Global consumption peaked at $33.7B in 2017; however, from 2018 to 2019, consumption failed to regain the momentum.

Consumption by Country

India (4.8M tons) remains the largest spice consuming country worldwide, comprising approx. 37% of total volume. Moreover, spice consumption in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest consumer, Indonesia (634K tons), eightfold. Bangladesh (543K tons) ranked third in terms of total consumption with a 4.1% share.

In India, spice consumption expanded at an average annual rate of +4.4% over the period from 2007-2019. The remaining consuming countries recorded the following average annual rates of consumption growth: Indonesia (+1.9% per year) and Bangladesh (+2.1% per year).

In value terms, India ($8.6B) led the market, alone. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Indonesia ($1.9B). It was followed by Ethiopia.

In 2019, the highest levels of spice per capita consumption was registered in Nepal (14 kg per person), followed by Thailand (6.25 kg per person), Vietnam (4 kg per person) and Turkey (3.71 kg per person), while the world average per capita consumption of spice was estimated at 1.69 kg per person.

From 2007 to 2019, the average annual growth rate of the spice per capita consumption in Nepal amounted to +4.9%. The remaining consuming countries recorded the following average annual rates of per capita consumption growth: Thailand (+2.3% per year) and Vietnam (+6.9% per year).

Market Forecast 2019-2030

Driven by increasing demand for spice worldwide, the market is expected to continue an upward consumption trend over the next decade. Market performance is forecast to retain its current trend pattern, expanding with an anticipated CAGR of +3.1% for the period from 2019 to 2030, which is projected to bring the market volume to 18M tons by the end of 2030.

Production

In 2019, the amount of spices produced worldwide rose modestly to 13M tons, growing by 4.3% against 2018 figures. Overall, the total output indicated moderate growth from 2007 to 2019: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +4.0% over the last twelve-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Based on 2019 figures, production increased by +60.2% against 2007 indices. Global production peaked in 2019 and is likely to see gradual growth in the immediate term. The general positive trend in terms output was largely conditioned by a temperate expansion of the harvested area and modest growth in yield figures.

Production by Country

The country with the largest volume of spice production was India (5.7M tons), accounting for 42% of total volume. Moreover, spice production in India exceeded the figures recorded by the second-largest producer, China (1.2M tons), fivefold. Indonesia (659K tons) ranked third in terms of total production with a 4.9% share.

In India, spice production increased at an average annual rate of +4.7% over the period from 2007-2019. The remaining producing countries recorded the following average annual rates of production growth: China (+3.7% per year) and Indonesia (+1.0% per year).

Harvested Area

In 2019, the global harvested area of spices amounted to 6.7M ha, increasing by 3% against the year before. The harvested area increased at an average annual rate of +2.4% over the period from 2007 to 2019; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations in certain years. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2016 when the harvested area increased by 7% y-o-y. Over the period under review, the harvested area dedicated to spice production reached the maximum in 2019 and is expected to retain growth in the near future.

Yield

In 2019, the global average spice yield was estimated at 2 ton per ha, therefore, remained relatively stable against the previous year. The yield figure increased at an average annual rate of +1.6% from 2007 to 2019; the trend pattern remained consistent, with somewhat noticeable fluctuations throughout the analyzed period. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2011 with an increase of 8.4% y-o-y. The global yield peaked at 2 ton per ha in 2017; afterwards, it flattened through to 2019.

Imports

For the sixth consecutive year, the global market recorded growth in purchases abroad of spices, which increased by 2.8% to 3.5M tons in 2019. Overall, total imports indicated a temperate increase from 2007 to 2019: its volume increased at an average annual rate of +4.6% over the last twelve-year period. The trend pattern, however, indicated some noticeable fluctuations being recorded throughout the analyzed period. Over the period under review, global imports reached the maximum in 2019 and are likely to continue growth in the near future.

In value terms, spice imports totaled $10.5B (IndexBox estimates) in 2019. In general, imports recorded buoyant growth. The growth pace was the most rapid in 2011 when imports increased by 25% year-to-year. Over the period under review, global imports also hit record highs in 2019 and are likely to see gradual growth in the immediate term.

Imports by Country

In 2019, the U.S. (428K tons), followed by Vietnam (190K tons) and India (172K tons) represented the main importers of spices, together making up 23% of total imports. The following importers - Bangladesh (154K tons), Malaysia (142K tons), Germany (137K tons), the Netherlands (131K tons), Pakistan (129K tons), the United Arab Emirates (116K tons), Saudi Arabia (109K tons), Japan (107K tons) and the UK (104K tons) - together made up 33% of total imports.

From 2007 to 2019, average annual rates of growth with regard to spice imports into the U.S. stood at +3.9%. At the same time, Vietnam (+28.4%), India (+8.2%), the Netherlands (+6.3%), the UK (+4.9%), Bangladesh (+4.6%), Saudi Arabia (+4.4%), Pakistan (+3.7%), Germany (+3.5%) and the United Arab Emirates (+1.3%) displayed positive paces of growth. Moreover, Vietnam emerged as the fastest-growing importer imported in the world, with a CAGR of +28.4% from 2007-2019. Malaysia experienced a relatively flat trend pattern. By contrast, Japan (-1.0%) illustrated a downward trend over the same period. Vietnam (+5.2 p.p.), the U.S. (+4.6 p.p.), India (+3.1 p.p.), the Netherlands (+2 p.p.) and Bangladesh (+1.9 p.p.) significantly strengthened its position in terms of the global imports, while the shares of the other countries remained relatively stable throughout the analyzed period.

In value terms, the U.S. ($1.7B) constitutes the largest market for imported spices worldwide, comprising 16% of global imports. The second position in the ranking was occupied by Germany ($597M), with a 5.7% share of global imports. It was followed by India, with a 5.1% share.

From 2007 to 2019, the average annual rate of growth in terms of value in the U.S. amounted to +8.3%. In the other countries, the average annual rates were as follows: Germany (+5.7% per year) and India (+12.1% per year).

Import Prices by Country

In 2019, the average spice import price amounted to $3,034 per ton, therefore, remained relatively stable against the previous year. Over the last twelve-year period, it increased at an average annual rate of +2.7%. The most prominent rate of growth was recorded in 2011 an increase of 19% year-to-year. Global import price peaked at $3,430 per ton in 2015; however, from 2016 to 2019, import prices failed to regain the momentum.

Prices varied noticeably by the country of destination; the country with the highest price was Germany ($4,374 per ton), while Bangladesh ($1,132 per ton) was amongst the lowest.

From 2007 to 2019, the most notable rate of growth in terms of prices was attained by Saudi Arabia, while the other global leaders experienced more modest paces of growth.

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Source: IndexBox Market Intelligence Platform